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Showing results for tags 'Research'.
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Content Article
From the perspective of patient partners, the Ontario SPOR SUPPORT Unit Engaging Multi-stakeholders for Patient Oriented-research Wider Effects and Reach Awards have facilitated successful patient-partnered research projects, which, in turn, have led to an evolution in patient partnerships and engagement strategies. The 15 projects profiled in this special issue point to the beneficial impacts of patient-partnered research.- Posted
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In patient experience research, participants frequently report the impact that mesothelioma has on their mental health yet there have been very few studies specifically focused on mental health and mesothelioma. In patient experience research, participants frequently report the impact that mesothelioma has on their mental health yet there have been very few studies specifically focused on mental health and mesothelioma. This new study from the Mesothelioma UK research centre aims to create an understanding of the impact of mesothelioma on the mental health of patients, their families and close friends, and what people do to improve their mental health and well-being. -
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The medical symptom 'iceberg' and 'trivia' were defined in terms of people's own perceptions of their symptoms and their subsequent referral behaviour. The data were collected by household interviews of patients registered at a health centre and included information on personal and environmental characteristics. Bivariate and multivariate analysis was used to explore associations between those who were part of the symptom 'iceberg' or 'trivia', and factors which might have caused such incongruous referral behaviour.- Posted
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- GP
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Annegret Hannawa investigated communication during Covid-19. She asked the questions: to what extent did communication by the Swiss traditional news media and by the Swiss Government, communication in the social media, and interpersonal communication affect Swiss residents' (1) trust, (2) willingness to vaccinate, (3) engagement in conspiracy theories, and (4) mental health? This video gives a short summary of the first results. -
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Corporate interests have the potential to influence public debate and policymaking by influencing the research agenda, namely the initial step in conducting research, in which the purpose of the study is defined and the questions are framed. Fabbri et al. conducted a scoping review to identify and synthesise studies that explored the influence of industry sponsorship on research agendas across different fields. The authors concluded that corporate interests can drive research agendas away from questions that are the most relevant for public health. Strategies to counteract corporate influence on the research agenda are needed, including heightened disclosure of funding sources and conflicts of interest in published articles to allow an assessment of commercial biases. The authors also recommend policy actions beyond disclosure such as increasing funding for independent research and strict guidelines to regulate the interaction of research institutes with commercial entities.- Posted
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- Research
- Scoping review
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NIHR: Patient & public involvement in research resources
Patient Safety Learning posted an article in Research
Whether you’re just getting started with involving patients and the public in your work, or if you’re looking for some new techniques, there are some great resources out there. The NIHR have pulled together some of the best available resources to help you involve patients, service users, carers and family members in your research.- Posted
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There is a well-described mismatch between the research that is done on a particular condition and the research that patients themselves would like to see done. Formal research priority-setting partnerships aim to reduce this mismatch by involving patients in the selection of topics for research. The National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) has strongly supported patient and public involvement (PPI) in research, produced national benchmarks for PPI, funded INVOLVE (www.invo.org.uk) which promotes patient involvement in all aspects of biomedical research, and written up some exemplar case studies. Trish Greenhalgh looks back at the history of patient involvement in research and suggests a vision for an institute for patient-led research.- Posted
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This is the report of Professor Ben Goldacre’s review into how the efficient and safe use of health data for research and analysis can benefit patients and the healthcare sector. It sets out a practical vision of how the Department of Health and the NHS can curate, manage and analyse the huge volume of health data available in the UK, and then communicate and use that data to improve the quality, safety and efficiency of health services. -
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This book interrogates the assumption that evidence means the same thing to different constituencies and in different contexts by outlining a more nuanced and socially responsive approach to medical expertise that incorporates scientific and lay processes of making sense of the world and deciding how to act in it. In so doing, it provides a point of orientation for clinicians working at the coalface, whose experience is sometimes at odds with the type of rationality that underpins evidence-based medicine and that guides researchers conducting randomised controlled trials. The argument elaborated also has implications for policy makers in the healthcare system, who have to navigate similar pressures and contradictions between scientific and lay rationality to produce meaningful guidelines in the midst of a runaway pandemic. Debates within and beyond the medical establishment on the efficacy of measures such as mandatory face masks and lockdowns are examined in detail, as are various degrees of hesitancy towards vaccines and other pharmaceutical interventions. The authors demonstrate that it is ultimately through narratives that knowledge about medical and other phenomena is communicated to others, enters the public space, and provokes discussion and disagreements. Importantly, effective narratives can enhance the reception of that knowledge and reduce some of the sources of resistance and misunderstanding that continue to plague public communication about important medical issues such as pandemics. Access the introduction and excerpts from each chapter from the link below. -
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Blood transfusion is considered one of the safer aspects of healthcare, however potentially avoidable patient-safety incidents led to 14 deaths in the UK in 2017. Improvement initiatives often focus on staff compliance with standard operating procedures. This fails to understand adaptations made in a complex, dynamic environment, so the aim of this study from Watt et al. is to examine the extent and nature of adaptations at all stages of the vein to vein transfusion process.- Posted
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- Blood / blood products
- Patient safety incident
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The positive deviance approach seeks to identify and learn from those who demonstrate exceptional performance. This study from Baxter et al. sought to explore how multidisciplinary teams deliver exceptionally safe care on medical wards for older people. Based on identifiable qualitative differences between the positively deviant and comparison wards, 14 characteristics were hypothesised to facilitate exceptionally safe care on medical wards for older people. This paper explores five positively deviant characteristics that healthcare professionals considered to be most salient. These included the relational aspects of teamworking, specifically regarding staff knowing one another and working together in truly integrated multidisciplinary teams. The cultural and social context of positively deviant wards was perceived to influence the way in which practical tools (eg, safety briefings and bedside boards) were implemented. This study exemplifies that there are no ‘silver bullets’ to achieving exceptionally safe patient care on medical wards for older people. Healthcare leaders should encourage truly integrated multidisciplinary ward teams where staff know each other well and work as a team. Focusing on these underpinning characteristics may facilitate exceptional performances across a broad range of safety outcomes.- Posted
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- Organisational Performance
- Organisational culture
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GP practices are usually run separately from hospitals. In some places in England and Wales, the NHS organisations responsible for managing hospitals are now also running local GP practices. It is difficult in some areas for practices, which are small organisations, to recruit GPs and keep going. It is also desirable to coordinate GP services with hospital care. For these reasons, it may help if the organisations managing hospitals also run GP practices.- Posted
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- GP practice
- Organisation / service factors
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Effective communication is critical for patient safety. One potential threat to communication in the operating room is incivility. Although examined in other industries, little has been done to examine how incivility impacts the ability to deliver safe care in a crisis. Katz et al. sought to determine how incivility influenced anaesthesiology resident performance during a standardised simulation scenario of occult haemorrhage.- Posted
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- Surgery - General
- Operating theatre / recovery
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There is great disparity in the way we think about and address different sources of environmental infection. Governments have for decades promulgated a large amount of legislation and invested heavily in food safety, sanitation, and drinking water for public health purposes. By contrast, airborne pathogens and respiratory infections, whether seasonal influenza or COVID-19, are addressed fairly weakly, if at all, in terms of regulations, standards, and building design and operation, pertaining to the air we breathe. We suggest that the rapid growth in our understanding of the mechanisms behind respiratory infection transmission should drive a paradigm shift in how we view and address the transmission of respiratory infections to protect against unnecessary suffering and economic losses. It starts with a recognition that preventing respiratory infection, like reducing waterborne or foodborne disease, is a tractable problem. -
Content Article
This preprint study aimed to determine the prevalence of organ impairment in Long Covid at 6 and 12 months after initial acute Covid-19 infection. The authors found that single organ impairment persisted in 59% patients at 12 months post-Covid-19. The conclude that organ impairment in Long Covid has implications for symptoms, quality of life and longer-term health, and they highlight the need for prevention and integrated care of Long Covid.- Posted
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- Pandemic
- Long Covid
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Throughout Jens Rasmussen’s career there has been a continued emphasis on the development of methods, techniques and tools for accident analysis and investigation. In this paper, Waterson et al. focus on the evolution and development of one specific example, namely Accimaps and their use for accident analysis.- Posted
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- Investigation
- Research
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Patient safety, staff moral and system performance are at the heart of healthcare delivery. Investigation of adverse outcomes is one strategy that enables organisations to learn and improve. Healthcare is now understood as a complex, possibly the most complex, socio-technological system. Despite this the use of a 20th century linear investigation model is still recommended for the investigation of adverse outcomes. In this review, Isherwood and Waterson use data gathered from the investigation of a real life healthcare near incident and apply three different methodologies to the analysis of this data. They compare both the methodologies themselves and the outputs generated. This illustrates how different methodologies generate different system level recommendations. The authors conclude that system based models generate the strongest barriers to improve future performance. Healthcare providers and their regulatory bodies need to embrace system based methodologies if they are to effectively learn from, and reduce future, adverse outcomes.- Posted
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- System safety
- Methodology
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Matthews et al. investigated inequalities in stillbirth rates by ethnicity to facilitate development of initiatives to target those at highest risk. They found that stillbirth rates declined in the UK, but substantial excess risk of stillbirth persists among babies of black and Asian ethnicities. The combined disadvantage for black, Pakistani and Bangladeshi ethnicities who are more likely to live in most deprived areas is associated with considerably higher rates. Key causes of death were congenital anomalies and placental causes. Improved strategies for investigation of stillbirth causes are needed to reduce unexplained deaths so that interventions can be targeted to reduce stillbirths.- Posted
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- Baby
- Patient death
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The gender health gap is a long-standing, deeply entrenched problem that stretches back centuries - yet it is only finally starting to get the attention it deserves. In this discussion hosted by The Independent's Women's Correspondent Maya Oppenheim, Dr Jess Taylor, Le’Nise Brothers, Sandra Igwe and Dr Geeta Nargund explore the steps that must be taken to solve the gender health gap, including proper education of health professionals and engaging in open honest conversations.- Posted
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- Womens health
- Health inequalities
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The introduction of remote triage and assessment early in the pandemic raised questions about patient safety. Wieringa et al. sought to capture patients and clinicians’ experiences of the management of suspected acute COVID-19 and generate wider lessons to inform safer care. Lessons from the pandemic suggest three key strategies are needed to prevent avoidable deaths and inequalities in the next crisis: (1) strengthen system resilience (including improved resourcing and staffing; support of new tools and processes; and recognising primary care’s role as the ‘risk sink’ of the healthcare system); (2) develop evidence-based triage and scoring systems; and (3) address social vulnerability. -
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Promoting a ‘just culture’ is a key theme in patient safety research and policy, reflecting a growing understanding that patients, their families and healthcare staff involved in safety events can experience feelings of sadness, guilt and anger, and need to be treated fairly and sensitively. There is also growing recognition that a ‘blame culture’ discourages openness and learning. However, there are still significant difficulties in listening to and involving patients and families in organisations' responses to safety incidents, and for healthcare staff, a blame culture often persists. This can lead to a sense of sustained unfairness, unresponsiveness and secondary harm. The authors of this article in BMJ Quality & Safety argue that confusion about safety cultures comes in part from a lack of focused attention on the nature and implications of justice in the field of patient safety. They make suggestions about how to open up a conversation about justice in research and practice.- Posted
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- Just Culture
- Research
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In this blog, Clare Rayner, an occupational physician, describes how an international collaboration to help understand Long Covid was established by harnessing the power of technology and social media. This collective, between a group of UK doctors experiencing prolonged health problems after Covid-19 infection and a globally renowned rehabilitation clinic at Mount Sinai Hospital in New York, aims to help both patients and healthcare professionals by disseminating learning about Long Covid from both sides of the Atlantic.- Posted
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- Long Covid
- Recovery
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In this blog for The BMJ, several doctors who are experiencing long term impacts of Covid-19 share their report of a meeting with the World Health Organization's Covid-19 response team in August 2020. They highlighted the importance of patient-led research and and engaging with patients with Long Covid.- Posted
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- Long Covid
- Data
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Content Article
The aim of this study from Liu et al. was to assess the impact of the Fetal Medicine Foundation (FMF) first trimester screening algorithm for pre-eclampsia on health disparities in perinatal death among minority ethnic groups.