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Showing results for tags 'Research'.
Found 982 results
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Content ArticleScienceDirect uses heuristic and machine-learning approaches to extract relevant information from their extensive collection of content. They compile this information on a topic-by-topic basis providing the reader both depth and breadth on a specific area of interest. This collection of research and data focuses on safety risk management.
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Content ArticleTransparent collaborations between patient organisations and clinical research sponsors can identify and address the unmet needs of patients and caregivers. These insights can improve clinical trial participant experience and delivery of medical innovations necessary to advance health outcomes and standards of care. Roennow et al. share their experiences from such a collaboration undertaken surrounding the SENSCIS® clinical trial and discuss its impact during, and legacy beyond, the trial.
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Content Article
Illuminating the rare reality (28 February 2019)
Patient Safety Learning posted an article in Rare diseases
This report is a culmination of findings from Rare Disease UK and Genetic Alliance UK to evidence the experiences of those living with a rare condition. The report underpins their call for a refresh and review of the UK Strategy for Rare Diseases focussing on five key areas: diagnosis, rare disease care and treatment, information and support, rare disease research and keeping the strategy up to date. -
Content ArticleThe purpose of this study from Klevens et al. was to provide a national estimate of the number of healthcare-associated infections and deaths in United States hospitals
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Content ArticleThe NIHR-supported RECOVERY trial has shown that tocilizumab – an anti-inflammatory rheumatoid arthritis treatment – reduces the risk of death for hospitalised patients with severe COVID-19. Researchers also found that the drug reduces the length of hospital admission, and the risk of patients requiring mechanical ventilation. Last year, the RECOVERY study was the world’s first to show that dexamethasone – a cheap and available steroid – reduces the risk of dying from COVID-19. The latest results from the study also suggests that for COVID-19 patients who have significant inflammation and require oxygen, a combination of a systemic corticosteroid – such a dexamethasone – alongside tocilizumab reduces mortality by about one third for patients requiring simple oxygen and nearly one-half for those requiring invasive mechanical ventilation. RECOVERY is now the second NIHR-supported study to demonstrate the effectiveness of tocilizumab as a treatment for COVID-19 patients, after results from the REMAP-CAP study last month showed that tocilizumab and a second similar drug called sarilumab have a significant impact on survival and can reduce the relative risk of death for critically ill patients in intensive care. The latest results from RECOVERY show that a much wider cohort of COVID-19 patients can potentially benefit from tocilizumab - beyond those critically ill on mechanical ventilation. For this preliminary report, information on the primary outcome was available for 92% of patients. Report has not been peer-reviewed yet.
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Content ArticleA study from Chamberlain et al. examined post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in 13 049 survivors of suspected or confirmed COVID-19, from the UK general population, as a function of severity and hospital admission status. Compared with mild COVID-19, significantly elevated rates of PTSD symptoms were identified in those requiring medical support at home, those requiring hospital admission without ventilation and those requiring hospital admission with ventilator support. Intrusive images were the most prominent elevated symptom. Adequate psychiatric provision for such individuals will be of paramount importance.
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Content ArticleUK Biobank, commissioned by the Department for Health and Social Care, has produced its final round of results after testing over 20,000 people for coronavirus antibodies. The study is tracking the spread of the virus across England, Scotland and Wales over 6 months. The UK Biobank COVID-19 antibody study will analyse samples from people participating in its study to assess antibody levels over time. The data and insights from this study will help the government understand how long COVID-19 antibodies stay in the blood, how strong they are and what this could mean for potential immunity.
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Content ArticleThe purpose of this study from Nanji et al. is to assess the rates of perioperative medication errors (MEs) and adverse drug events (ADEs) as percentages of medication administrations, to evaluate their root causes, and to formulate targeted solutions to prevent them.
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Content ArticleJones et al. hypothesised that antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) could be enhanced through positive feedback for the behaviors of healthcare professionals. This project aimed to reduce antimicrobial consumption in a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) by >5%, with secondary aims to reduce broad-spectrum antimicrobial consumption, and processes related to AMS.
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Content ArticleThe purpose of this study from Kleven et al. was to provide a national estimate of the number of healthcare-associated infections (HAI) and deaths in United States hospitals.
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Content ArticlePreventing surgical site infections requires knowledge of the sources of wound contamination. One possible source of wound contamination is bacteria aerosolised in diathermy plume (ie, surgical smoke). This study from Leonard Schultz used an experimental model of porcine tissue embedded with Serratia marcescens to determine the extent of viable bacteria present in surgical plume. The results showed that only blended current electrosurgery, not laser plume or coagulation electrosurgery, contains viable bacteria. Further, the study revealed that placing a suction device near the electrosurgical site reduced the number of aerosolised viable bacteria. Therefore, evacuating the electrosurgical plume may help reduce contamination of the surgical wound. Nurses may wish to advocate for the use of air suction devices as one way to protect patients from surgical site infections.
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Content ArticleSurgical site infections continue to represent a costly complication of spine surgery. Studies show that surgical smoke can contain infectious agents, and smoke evacuation systems have demonstrated effective removal of these particles from the operative field. Kreuger et al. reviewed the literature on surgical smoke and to study the effect of a smoke evacuation system on the rate of surgical site infections (SSIs) after spine surgery.
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Content ArticleDespite it being 20 years since the Institute of Medicine reported poor quality and high variability in healthcare delivery, there are still significant opportunities for clinical quality improvement (QI). As frontline clinicians and future healthcare leaders tasked with driving these changes, resident physicians are an important cohort to equip with knowledge, skills, and experience in QI and patient safety. In this article, Mitchel and Li review the barriers to resident engagement, leadership and success with QI initiatives and propose potential solutions. Several barriers are unique to psychiatric training. The barriers described are broadly categorised as either structural or process-related, a distinction derived from Donabedian who described a framework for understanding the causal relationship between structures, processes, and outcomes in QI. In addition, the authors provide an example of a resident-led QI initiative to illustrate the proposed solutions.
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Content ArticleThe aim of this study from Martinez et al. was to develop and test the psychometric properties of two new survey scales aiming to measure the extent to which the clinical environment supports speaking up about (a) patient safety concerns and (b) unprofessional behaviour.
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Content Article
Safety climate survey – are we getting better? (12 June 2019)
Patient Safety Learning posted an article in Culture
Organisations working towards a culture of safety need a reliable measure to monitor the success of their initiatives. A Safety Climate Survey was carried out during September 2017 in the Paediatric ward at Daisy Hill Hospital, as part of the S.A.F.E. (Safety Awareness for Everyone) initiative. -
Content ArticleThe aim of this project from Hollis et al. was to improve engagement with the incident reporting process and to encourage staff to raise issues and create a proactive culture of quality improvement. This project demonstrates that a relatively simple intervention can have effect significant positive cultural change in an organisation over a small period of time. By giving frontline staff a mechanism to record issues it is possible to develop a positive culture of grass roots change. Incident reporting can act as a vehicle not only to improve patient safety but more broadly to generate ongoing ideas for quality improvement within an organisation.
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Content ArticleBureaucratic organisational culture is less favourable to quality improvement, whereas organisations with group (teamwork) culture are better aligned for quality improvement. In this study, Speroff et al. determine whether an organisational group culture shows better alignment with patient safety climate.
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Content ArticleWould you like to help our healthcare professionals understand how they can continue to use a new approach for prescribing safety in general practices? This research is looking at making prescribing safer in general practices in England and is jointly conducted by the Universities of Nottingham, Manchester, Edinburgh & Dundee. GP surgeries are working with pharmacists to use a computer programme to help find patients who may need their medicines reviewing. People from patient and public groups are invited to say what they think about continuing this service across the country in the longer term. If you choose to take part, this will involve being part of a group discussion on issues relating to continuing the service for medicines safety. You do not need to know about the service before taking part as this will be explained to you. If interested, please contact: azwa.shamsuddin@ed.ac.uk
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Content ArticleWhile individual countries have gained considerable knowledge and experience of COVID-19 management, an international, comparative perspective is lacking, particularly regarding the measures taken by different countries to tackle the pandemic. This paper from Tartaglia et al. elicits the views of health system staff, tapping into their personal expertise on how the pandemic was initially handled.
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Content ArticleThis article from Peden et al. reviews of some of the key topics and challenges in quality, safety, and the measurement and improvement of outcomes in anaesthesia. Topics covered include medication safety, changes in approaches to patient safety, payment reform, longer term measurement of outcomes, large-scale improvement programmes, the ageing population, and burnout. The article begins with a section on the success of the specialty of anaesthesia in improving the quality, safety, and outcomes for our patients, and ends with a look to future developments, including greater use of technology and patient engagement.
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Content ArticleWrong-site surgery (WSS) is a well-known type of medical error that may cause a high degree of patient harm. In Pennsylvania, healthcare facilities are mandated to report WSS events, among other patient safety concerns, to the Pennsylvania Patient Safety Reporting System (PA-PSRS) database.
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Content ArticleThe National Institute for Health Research (NIHR)-supported RECOVERY trial has found no clinical benefit from the antibiotic azithromycin for hospitalised patients with severe COVID-19.
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Content ArticleA deep learning algorithm accurately identified allergic reactions in hospital patient safety reports, which could help providers avoid medical errors and improve event surveillance, according to a study from Yang et al. published in JAMA Network Open. Allergic reactions – to medications, foods, and healthcare products – are becoming increasingly common in the US. Researchers noted that up to 36% of patients report drug allergies, and 4-10% report food allergies. Patients in healthcare settings are at particularly high risk of developing an allergic reaction, and it’s critical that providers are able to quickly detect and monitor these events. Results of this study suggest that deep learning can improve the accuracy and efficiency of the allergic reaction identification process, which may facilitate future real-time patient safety surveillance and guidance for medical errors and system improvement.
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Content Article
COVID-19: COGER Study (30 November 2020)
Patient Safety Learning posted an article in Data, research and statistics
The COGER study is collecting data to gain insight into the course of functional and medical recovery in older people affected by COVID-19 participating in rehabilitation across Europe. -
Content ArticleHealthcare professionals are experiencing unprecedented levels of occupational stress and burnout. Higher stress and burnout in health professionals is linked with the delivery of poorer quality, less safe patient care across healthcare settings. In order to understand how we can better support healthcare professionals in the workplace, this study from Johnson et al. evaluated a tailored resilience coaching intervention comprising a workshop and one-to-one coaching session addressing the intrinsic challenges of healthcare work in health professionals and students. The authors found preliminary evidence that the intervention was well received and effective, but further research using a randomised controlled design will be necessary to confirm this.
