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News Article
Hancock and Hunt failed to prepare UK for pandemic, Covid inquiry finds
Patient Safety Learning posted a news article in News
The former health secretaries Jeremy Hunt and Matt Hancock have been criticised for their failure to better prepare the UK for the pandemic, in a damning first report from the Covid inquiry that calls for an overhaul in how the government prepares for civil emergencies. Hunt, who was the health secretary from 2012-18, and Hancock, who took over until 2021, were named by the chair to the inquiry, Heather Hallett, for failing to rectify flaws in contingency planning before the pandemic, which claimed more than 230,000 lives in the UK. The government had focused largely on the threat of an influenza outbreak despite the fact that coronaviruses in Asia and the Middle East in the preceding years meant “another coronavirus outbreak at a pandemic scale was foreseeable”. Lady Hallett said that to overlook that was “a fundamental error”. “It was not a black swan event,” Hallett said in a 240-page report. It concluded: “The processes, planning and policy of the civil contingency structures within the UK government and devolved administrations and civil services failed their citizens. Ministers and officials were guilty of ‘groupthink’ that led to a false consensus that the UK was well prepared for a pandemic. Never again can a disease be allowed to lead to so many deaths and so much suffering.” In what families bereaved by Covid welcomed as a “hard-hitting, clear-sighted and damning analysis of how and why the UK found itself to be fatally underprepared”, Hallett said “preparedness and resilience for a whole-system emergency must be treated in much the same way as we treat a threat from a hostile state”. The arrival of another pandemic – “potentially one that is even more transmissible and lethal” – was a question of when, not if, she said, and “unless we are better prepared” it would bring “immense suffering and huge financial cost and the most vulnerable in society will suffer most”. Read full story Source: Guardian, 18 July 2024 -
Content ArticleThe Covid-19 Inquiry published its first report and recommendations following its investigation into the UK’s ‘Resilience and preparedness (Module 1)’. The Chair of the Inquiry, Baroness Heather Hallett, set out her recommendations from the Module 1 report in a live streamed statement. It examines the state of the UK’s central structures and procedures for pandemic emergency preparedness, resilience and response. Reports related to the Inquiry’s further Modules will be published later.
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News Article
First Covid inquiry report to show UK plan failures
Patient Safety Learning posted a news article in News
The failures and weaknesses in the UK's pandemic preparations are expected to be laid out in the first report published by the Covid inquiry. Baroness Hallett, who is chairing the public inquiry, will set out her findings at lunchtime. Her report will cover the state of the healthcare system, stockpiles of personal protective equipment (PPE) and the planning that was in place. It is the first of at least nine reports covering everything from political decision-making to vaccines and the impact on children. Trained army medic Dr Saleyha Ahsan, who worked in hospitals during the first two waves of Covid and is now part of the Covid-19 Bereaved Families for Justice UK group, after losing her father to the virus, said it felt like there had been “zero planning”, with doctors often struggling to get hold of the right PPE “The rules were changing on a daily basis in the first few weeks - it was ridiculous,” she said. “We were in the flimsiest of PPE, just a little surgical mask with a white apron. “It felt like we were making do and the people who were being pushed to the front were healthcare workers." “It's so, so important for those of us who worked through it, who lost through it, or who have suffered ill health because of it, to really appreciate where things went wrong and who was responsible.” Read full story Source: BBC News, 18 July 2024 Related reading on the hub: The pandemic – questions around Government governance: a blog from David Osborn Respiratory protective equipment: An unequal solution for healthcare workers? A blog by David Osborn -
Content ArticleThe NHS wasn’t the only health system that experienced severe disruption of care during the pandemic, but how quickly have waiting times in England recovered in comparison to other nations? Sarah Reed and Theo Georghiou look at how waiting times have changed in England and in other countries since the peak of the Covid-19 crisis.
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News Article
Rise in Covid jab rates may protect children against asthma attacks, study finds
Patient Safety Learning posted a news article in News
Higher Covid vaccination rates could help protect children against asthma attacks, according to research. While previous studies show that vaccination helps prevent Covid 19 illness, the authors believe this is the first study to assess whether Covid inoculation is associated with reductions in children’s asthma symptoms, by preventing viral illness in children with asthma. US researchers examined parent-reported asthma symptom prevalence in more than 150,000 children in the National Survey of Children’s Health between 2018-19 and 2020-21, broken down by US state. The data was then compared with the proportion of people aged five years and older who were vaccinated in 2020-21, as well as age-adjusted Covid mortality rates and any face mask requirements in enclosed spaces. With each increase of 10 percentage points in Covid vaccination coverage in US states, there was a 0.36 percentage point reduction in the rates of child asthma symptoms as reported by their parents, according to the study, published in Jama Network Open. Dr Andy Whittamore, the clinical lead at Asthma + Lung UK, said: “Two million children in the UK live with asthma. Infections such as Covid-19 and flu can cause irritation and inflammation in the airways of people with asthma. This can lead to an increase in mucus and narrowing of the airways, which in turn can cause symptoms such as breathlessness, wheeze, tightness in the chest and coughing and potentially trigger an asthma attack. “So it’s important for children with asthma to get any vaccinations they are eligible for, such as flu, to keep them safe. It’s also vital to make sure your child takes their preventer inhaler daily and always has their reliever inhaler with them.” Read full story Source: The Guardian, 3 July 2024 -
News Article
Pfizer in the crosshairs again
Patient Safety Learning posted a news article in News
Kansas is the latest US state to file a lawsuit against Pfizer, accusing the pharmaceutical giant of misleading the public about the safety and effectiveness of its Covid-19 vaccine. Kansas Attorney General Kris Kobach claims that Pfizer knew about the risks associated with its vaccine, “including myocarditis and pericarditis, failed pregnancies, and deaths” but failed to disclose this information to the public. The 179-page lawsuit also alleges that Pfizer made ‘false and misleading’ statements regarding the vaccine's ability to prevent viral transmission, its waning effectiveness and its ability to protect against new variants of the virus. “To keep the public from learning the truth, Pfizer worked to censor speech on social media that questioned Pfizer’s claims about its Covid-19 vaccine,” alleges the lawsuit. Read full story Source: Maryanne Demasi, 23 June 2024 -
Content ArticleDrug shortages are a chronic and worsening issue that compromises patient safety. Despite the destabilising impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on pharmaceutical production, it remains unclear whether issues affecting the drug supply chain were more likely to result in meaningful shortages during the pandemic. This study estimated the proportion of supply chain issue reports associated with drug shortages in the USA overall and with the Covid-19 pandemic. It found that supply chain issues associated with drug shortages increased at the beginning of the Covid-19 pandemic. Ongoing policy work is needed to protect US drug supplies from future shocks and to prioritize clinically valuable drugs at greatest shortage risk.
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Content ArticleThis study in BMC Infectious Diseases aimed to estimate the contribution of individual interventions (together and in combination) to the effectiveness of the overall package of interventions implemented in English hospitals during the Covid-19 pandemic. The study simulated scenarios to explore how many nosocomial infections might have been seen in patients and healthcare workers if interventions had not been implemented. We simulated the time period from March 2020 to July 2022 encompassing different strains and multiple doses of vaccination.
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News ArticleThe negotiation of a pandemic accord intended to prevent the global disaster seen during Covid-19 should be completed in the next year, WHO have announced. “The amendments to the international health regulations will bolster countries’ ability to detect and respond to future outbreaks and pandemics by strengthening their own national capacities and coordination between fellow states, on disease surveillance, information sharing, and response,” said WHO’s director general, Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus. “This is built on commitment to equity, an understanding that health threats do not recognise national borders, and that preparedness is a collective endeavour.” The revised international health regulations includes a commitment to strengthening access to medical products and financing, and stronger, more precise language that should accelerate the detection of health threats and the necessary global action to manage them. “Full implementation of the international health regulations brings the world closer to being safer from pandemic threats. A new pandemic agreement with equity at its heart would further strengthen the rules around and guide international collaboration,” said Helen Clark, former New Zealand prime minister and co-chair of the Independent Panel for Pandemic Preparedness and Response. Read full story Source: BMJ, 4 June 2024
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Content ArticleThis Lancet study examines the discrepancy between occurrence of Long Covid as perceived and reported by participants in longitudinal population-based studies and evidence of Long Covid recorded in their EHRs. The authors argue that this discrepancy might reflect substantial unmet clinical need, particularly amongst patients of non-White ethnicity. This is in keeping with reports from individuals with Long Covid of difficulties accessing healthcare, and poor recognition of and response to their illness when they do.
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EventuntilDespite being one of the largest economies, the UK suffered the third worst Covid-19 death toll in Western Europe, largely due to entrenched inequalities that were exposed and worsened by the pandemic. The Unequal Pandemic film, executively produced by Debbie Abrahams MP and Good Guys Productions, draws to light the disproportionate impact of the pandemic on marginalised communities. This pre-release screening and panel event, created in collaboration with Covid-19 Bereaved Families for Justice UK and UCL, provides an opportunity for policy makers, bereaved families, experts and all with an interest in protecting lives in the future, to take stock of what went wrong, and what can and must be done to make sure the UK is better prepared when the next pandemic hits. We hope this event will allow us to gather and learn from the experiences of experts, government workers and community members, and help us forge a practical path towards pandemic preparedness. Watch The Unequal Pandemic Film trailer. Chair Prof Ibrahim Abubakar, Pro-Provost (Health) at UCL and Dean for the Faculty of Population Health Sciences Speakers Prof Sir Michael Marmot, Director, UCL Institute of Health Equity Debbie Abrahams MP, Executive Producer of 'The Unequal Pandemic' Lobby Akinnola, Spokesperson for Covid-19 Bereaved Families for Justice UK whose personal story is featured in the film Prof Naomi Fulop, Professor of Health Care Organisation and Management, UCL and a Director, Covid-19 Bereaved Families for Justice UK
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Content ArticleThis cross-sectional study in JAMA Network Open aimed to explore whether prescribing of psychotropic medications for children and adolescents changes in the two years following the onset of the Covid-19 pandemic. The authors retrieved and analysed all 8,839,143 psychotropic medication prescriptions dispensed to individuals aged from 6 to 17 years in France between 2016 and 2022. They found steady increases in prescription trends for all psychotropic medications after the pandemic onset, with prescription rates of all psychotropic medication classes except psychostimulants higher than expected rates.
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Content Article
NHS productivity (NHS England, 16 May 2024)
Patient-Safety-Learning posted an article in NHS England
This paper was presented to the NHS England board at its public session on 16 May 2024. It discusses the effect the pandemic has had on NHS productivity with details of NHS England’s estimates for the drivers of the loss of productivity observed. It also discusses the emerging plan to improve productivity in the coming years. -
News Article
New vaccine could protect against coronaviruses which have yet to emerge
Patient-Safety-Learning posted a news article in News
A new vaccine could be effective against coronaviruses which have yet to emerge, with hopes it could be used to battle future pandemics, research suggests. Scientists at the University of Cambridge, the University of Oxford, and Caltech in the US are developing a novel approach called “proactive vaccinology”, which aims to train the body’s immune system to recognise several different coronaviruses. The vaccine used antigens – a substance that triggers an immune response in the body – found in eight different coronaviruses, including those circulating in bats. This trains the immune system to go after the parts of the antigens that are shared across the viruses and other similar ones, including those not included in the vaccine. “Our focus is to create a vaccine that will protect us against the next coronavirus pandemic, and have it ready before the pandemic has even started,” said Rory Hills, a graduate researcher in the University of Cambridge’s Department of Pharmacology and first author of the report. He added: “We’ve created a vaccine that provides protection against a broad range of different coronaviruses – including ones we don’t even know about yet.” Read full story Source: Independent, 7 May 2024 -
News Article
Flu vs Covid: Stark disparity in vaccination and deaths
Patient-Safety-Learning posted a news article in News
In the first half of 2023, Covid-19 killed 42,670 people in the United States, while the flu killed about half that amount. Yet half as many people received the updated covid booster as those who got the flu shot — even though covid is twice as deadly as influenza. In all, around 22% of people have received the new covid booster, while 47% of people have had a flu vaccine. Experts said much of that covid-shot resistance is due to the continued polarizing nature of the pandemic and of the covid vaccine, which has been shown to reduce the risk for Long Covid as well as serious acute viral infections and deaths. "Public health messaging is also to blame for the lower-than-normal covid vaccine rates," said Dr Al-Aly, a global expert on Long Covid and chief of research and development at the VA Saint Louis Health Care System. "Patients need to better understand that the role of the vaccine isn't to completely prevent covid but to reduce the likelihood of hospitalisation and death, similar to that of a flu shot. By reducing the risk for severe disease, the vaccine also reduces the risk for Long Covid, a debilitating condition that's still poorly understood, has no cure, and has already caused thousands of American deaths," he said. Botched public health messaging also allowed for misinformation to run rampant. Rare adverse events associated with the COVID vaccine have been severely overplayed and spread like wildfire on social media. "Patients need to know that like any vaccine, vaccine injury does occur, but these vaccines have a better safety profile than almost any others," Al-Aly said. "The rewards of getting the vaccine far outweigh the risks, and patients need to understand that." Read full story Source: Medscape, 2 May 2024 -
News Article
Northern Ireland part of Covid inquiry to open in Belfast
Patient-Safety-Learning posted a news article in News
On Tuesday, the UK Covid inquiry which is sitting in Belfast for three weeks will start hearing from the most senior politicians and health advisors in Northern Ireland about why decisions were taken and by whom. This is module 2c of the inquiry, which is focusing on decision-making and political governance. This module will investigate Northern Ireland specifically and will include the initial response, central government decision making, and political and civil service performance. It will also probe whether Northern Ireland's political nuances had any affect on the effectiveness of the response. There were tensions between the political parties when senior Sinn Féin figures attended the funeral of ex-IRA leader Bobby Storey and when the DUP's Edwin Poots, then minister for Agriculture, Environment and Rural Affairs, said coronavirus was more common in nationalist areas. The hearings begin with opening statements and evidence from Covid-19 Bereaved Families and Disability Action. Core participants who have been named in advance include the former first ministers, Dame Arlene Foster and Paul Givan, and Michelle O'Neill, who was deputy first minster during the pandemic. Senior representatives from the departments of health, finance, the Executive Office, and the civil service will also be questioned. Read full story Source: BBC, 29 April 2024 -
Content ArticleThis Office for National Statistics (ONS) report provides in-depth analysis of Winter Coronavirus Infection Study (Winter CIS) data looking at trends in self-reported symptoms of Covid-19 including ongoing symptoms and associated risk factors. Winter CIS was a joint study with the UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA), carried out between November 2023 and March 2024 for England and Scotland. The study was structured as a longitudinal panel survey, with each participant sent a questionnaire and asked to take a lateral flow device test every four weeks for the detection of Covid-19.
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Content ArticleAt a recent meeting of the 'Safer Healthcare Biosafety Network' (SHBN), members learned of a new initiative designed to improve the safety of healthcare workers in the event of a future pandemic. It should also greatly reduce nosocomial (healthcare acquired) infection. David Osborn explained that the intention is to shift the focus for respiratory protective equipment (RPE) away from FFP3 respirators more towards powered air-purifying respirators (PAPRs). Although FFP3s provide efficient protection, they have several disadvantages for use in the healthcare sector, particularly when providing prolonged care of infectious patients. At the height of the pandemic, given the shortage of respirators, a new type of PAPR was developed at Southampton University and used to great effect. Staff reported that, whilst previously they had been coming to work in fear of infection, they now felt safe and secure in the knowledge that they were well protected. David is supporting Professor Kevin Bampton (Chief Executive, British Occupational Hygiene Society) and Professor Paul Elkington (Director, Institute for Medical Innovation, Southampton University). Following the SHBN, David prepared a briefing note (attached below) providing more details of the project.
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News Article
How Covid is pushing up waiting lists for cancer treatment
Patient-Safety-Learning posted a news article in News
New figures have quantified what the pandemic has meant for cancer waiting lists—and the impact is stark. Official data show that 15,971 cancer patients in the UK have had to wait more than 124 days, or four months, after diagnosis for their treatment to start since 2020 as the pandemic sends waiting lists soaring. The statistics show that the number of untreated patients has more than doubled since Covid began, with one patient waiting for more than two years, according to data released following a freedom of information request from the Liberal Democrats. This is despite an NHS target for patients to receive cancer treatments within two months of an urgent referral. Last year, 6,334 patients waited more than 124 days, compared to 2,922 in 2022, the figures show. Data was received from 69 out of 137 acute health trusts in the UK, meaning the true number of people waiting long periods for treatment is likely to be much higher. Over 1,100 cancer patients last year were left waiting more than six months to receive treatment, triple the NHS target time. Liberal Democrat Leader, Ed Davey, said: “Every single one of these figures is a tragedy. Long delays for treatment can have a devastating impact on cancer patients and their families, and in certain cases can even cost lives." Read full story Source: inews, 22 April 2024 -
Content ArticleThere have been two turning points in trends in life expectancy in England this century. From 2011, increases in life expectancy slowed after decades of steady improvement, prompting much debate about the causes. Then, in 2020, the Covid-19 pandemic was a more significant turning point, causing a sharp fall in life expectancy, the magnitude of which has not been seen since World War II. This article from the King's Fund examines trends in life expectancy at birth up to 2022, the impact of Covid-19 on life expectancy, gender differences and inequalities in life expectancy, causes of the changing trends since 2011, and how life expectancy in the UK compares with other countries.
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Content ArticleThis study aimed to assess perceptions of Covid-19 vaccines amongst pregnant or recently pregnant women in the US over two different time periods between November 2021 and February 2023. The results highlighted decreasing confidence in Covid-19 vaccine safety in a large, diverse pregnant and recently pregnant insured population, and the authors see this as a public health concern.
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Content ArticleThis blog looks at evidence around the impact of universal masking in healthcare settings on infection rates. Highlighting a recent study carried out at St. George’s Hospital in London that showed universal to have a negligible benefit on infection control amongst patients, the author argues that it is time to move away from universal masking to masks being worn really carefully as part of PPE for dealing with respiratory symptoms.
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Content ArticleThe combination of emerging patient safety threats and the growing amount of published patient safety research, patient safety resources and accrediting body standards makes it increasingly difficult to prioritise adopting and implementing evidence-based practices. The US Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality's (AHRQ’s) fourth iteration of Making Healthcare Safer intends to address this issue by publishing evidence-based reviews of patient safety practices and topics as they are completed. This intentional release of updated reviews will aid healthcare organisation leaders in prioritising implementation of evidence-based practices in a timelier way. The report will also help researchers identify where more research is needed and assist policymakers in understanding which patient safety practices have the supporting evidence for promotion.
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Content Article
Top picks: 12 research papers on Long Covid
Patient Safety Learning posted an article in Blogs
We are seeing more and more people who have been devastated by the long-lasting impact of Covid-19. Long Covid is a relatively new condition which is still being studied and the need for more awareness and advocacy has never been greater. Scientists are carrying out large-scale clinical trials and researchers are on the hunt for new therapies in the hope that patients with Long Covid will finally see improvements in treatment and support for their symptoms. In this Top picks blog, shared on International Long Covid Awareness Day, we highlight 12 recent research papers on Long Covid. -
Content Article
The theme of this year’s International Long Covid Awareness Day is ‘Confront Long Covid: Recognise, prevent, act’. In this interview, we speak to retired occupational physician Dr Clare Rayner about her work in understanding Long Covid and its impact on individuals, the health service and the wider economy. She talks about recent guidance she has developed on people with Long Covid returning to work and outlines the impact Long Covid has on the workforce. She calls on healthcare leaders and the Government to invest in treatment-related research as well as highlighting the significant health risks associated with Covid reinfection.
