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News Article
Pfizer in the crosshairs again
Patient Safety Learning posted a news article in News
Kansas is the latest US state to file a lawsuit against Pfizer, accusing the pharmaceutical giant of misleading the public about the safety and effectiveness of its Covid-19 vaccine. Kansas Attorney General Kris Kobach claims that Pfizer knew about the risks associated with its vaccine, “including myocarditis and pericarditis, failed pregnancies, and deaths” but failed to disclose this information to the public. The 179-page lawsuit also alleges that Pfizer made ‘false and misleading’ statements regarding the vaccine's ability to prevent viral transmission, its waning effectiveness and its ability to protect against new variants of the virus. “To keep the public from learning the truth, Pfizer worked to censor speech on social media that questioned Pfizer’s claims about its Covid-19 vaccine,” alleges the lawsuit. Read full story Source: Maryanne Demasi, 23 June 2024 -
Content ArticleDrug shortages are a chronic and worsening issue that compromises patient safety. Despite the destabilising impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on pharmaceutical production, it remains unclear whether issues affecting the drug supply chain were more likely to result in meaningful shortages during the pandemic. This study estimated the proportion of supply chain issue reports associated with drug shortages in the USA overall and with the Covid-19 pandemic. It found that supply chain issues associated with drug shortages increased at the beginning of the Covid-19 pandemic. Ongoing policy work is needed to protect US drug supplies from future shocks and to prioritize clinically valuable drugs at greatest shortage risk.
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Content ArticleThis study in BMC Infectious Diseases aimed to estimate the contribution of individual interventions (together and in combination) to the effectiveness of the overall package of interventions implemented in English hospitals during the Covid-19 pandemic. The study simulated scenarios to explore how many nosocomial infections might have been seen in patients and healthcare workers if interventions had not been implemented. We simulated the time period from March 2020 to July 2022 encompassing different strains and multiple doses of vaccination.
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News ArticleThe negotiation of a pandemic accord intended to prevent the global disaster seen during Covid-19 should be completed in the next year, WHO have announced. “The amendments to the international health regulations will bolster countries’ ability to detect and respond to future outbreaks and pandemics by strengthening their own national capacities and coordination between fellow states, on disease surveillance, information sharing, and response,” said WHO’s director general, Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus. “This is built on commitment to equity, an understanding that health threats do not recognise national borders, and that preparedness is a collective endeavour.” The revised international health regulations includes a commitment to strengthening access to medical products and financing, and stronger, more precise language that should accelerate the detection of health threats and the necessary global action to manage them. “Full implementation of the international health regulations brings the world closer to being safer from pandemic threats. A new pandemic agreement with equity at its heart would further strengthen the rules around and guide international collaboration,” said Helen Clark, former New Zealand prime minister and co-chair of the Independent Panel for Pandemic Preparedness and Response. Read full story Source: BMJ, 4 June 2024
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Content ArticleThis Lancet study examines the discrepancy between occurrence of Long Covid as perceived and reported by participants in longitudinal population-based studies and evidence of Long Covid recorded in their EHRs. The authors argue that this discrepancy might reflect substantial unmet clinical need, particularly amongst patients of non-White ethnicity. This is in keeping with reports from individuals with Long Covid of difficulties accessing healthcare, and poor recognition of and response to their illness when they do.
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EventuntilDespite being one of the largest economies, the UK suffered the third worst Covid-19 death toll in Western Europe, largely due to entrenched inequalities that were exposed and worsened by the pandemic. The Unequal Pandemic film, executively produced by Debbie Abrahams MP and Good Guys Productions, draws to light the disproportionate impact of the pandemic on marginalised communities. This pre-release screening and panel event, created in collaboration with Covid-19 Bereaved Families for Justice UK and UCL, provides an opportunity for policy makers, bereaved families, experts and all with an interest in protecting lives in the future, to take stock of what went wrong, and what can and must be done to make sure the UK is better prepared when the next pandemic hits. We hope this event will allow us to gather and learn from the experiences of experts, government workers and community members, and help us forge a practical path towards pandemic preparedness. Watch The Unequal Pandemic Film trailer. Chair Prof Ibrahim Abubakar, Pro-Provost (Health) at UCL and Dean for the Faculty of Population Health Sciences Speakers Prof Sir Michael Marmot, Director, UCL Institute of Health Equity Debbie Abrahams MP, Executive Producer of 'The Unequal Pandemic' Lobby Akinnola, Spokesperson for Covid-19 Bereaved Families for Justice UK whose personal story is featured in the film Prof Naomi Fulop, Professor of Health Care Organisation and Management, UCL and a Director, Covid-19 Bereaved Families for Justice UK
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Content ArticleThis cross-sectional study in JAMA Network Open aimed to explore whether prescribing of psychotropic medications for children and adolescents changes in the two years following the onset of the Covid-19 pandemic. The authors retrieved and analysed all 8,839,143 psychotropic medication prescriptions dispensed to individuals aged from 6 to 17 years in France between 2016 and 2022. They found steady increases in prescription trends for all psychotropic medications after the pandemic onset, with prescription rates of all psychotropic medication classes except psychostimulants higher than expected rates.
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Content Article
NHS productivity (NHS England, 16 May 2024)
Patient-Safety-Learning posted an article in NHS England
This paper was presented to the NHS England board at its public session on 16 May 2024. It discusses the effect the pandemic has had on NHS productivity with details of NHS England’s estimates for the drivers of the loss of productivity observed. It also discusses the emerging plan to improve productivity in the coming years. -
News Article
New vaccine could protect against coronaviruses which have yet to emerge
Patient-Safety-Learning posted a news article in News
A new vaccine could be effective against coronaviruses which have yet to emerge, with hopes it could be used to battle future pandemics, research suggests. Scientists at the University of Cambridge, the University of Oxford, and Caltech in the US are developing a novel approach called “proactive vaccinology”, which aims to train the body’s immune system to recognise several different coronaviruses. The vaccine used antigens – a substance that triggers an immune response in the body – found in eight different coronaviruses, including those circulating in bats. This trains the immune system to go after the parts of the antigens that are shared across the viruses and other similar ones, including those not included in the vaccine. “Our focus is to create a vaccine that will protect us against the next coronavirus pandemic, and have it ready before the pandemic has even started,” said Rory Hills, a graduate researcher in the University of Cambridge’s Department of Pharmacology and first author of the report. He added: “We’ve created a vaccine that provides protection against a broad range of different coronaviruses – including ones we don’t even know about yet.” Read full story Source: Independent, 7 May 2024 -
News Article
Flu vs Covid: Stark disparity in vaccination and deaths
Patient-Safety-Learning posted a news article in News
In the first half of 2023, Covid-19 killed 42,670 people in the United States, while the flu killed about half that amount. Yet half as many people received the updated covid booster as those who got the flu shot — even though covid is twice as deadly as influenza. In all, around 22% of people have received the new covid booster, while 47% of people have had a flu vaccine. Experts said much of that covid-shot resistance is due to the continued polarizing nature of the pandemic and of the covid vaccine, which has been shown to reduce the risk for Long Covid as well as serious acute viral infections and deaths. "Public health messaging is also to blame for the lower-than-normal covid vaccine rates," said Dr Al-Aly, a global expert on Long Covid and chief of research and development at the VA Saint Louis Health Care System. "Patients need to better understand that the role of the vaccine isn't to completely prevent covid but to reduce the likelihood of hospitalisation and death, similar to that of a flu shot. By reducing the risk for severe disease, the vaccine also reduces the risk for Long Covid, a debilitating condition that's still poorly understood, has no cure, and has already caused thousands of American deaths," he said. Botched public health messaging also allowed for misinformation to run rampant. Rare adverse events associated with the COVID vaccine have been severely overplayed and spread like wildfire on social media. "Patients need to know that like any vaccine, vaccine injury does occur, but these vaccines have a better safety profile than almost any others," Al-Aly said. "The rewards of getting the vaccine far outweigh the risks, and patients need to understand that." Read full story Source: Medscape, 2 May 2024 -
News Article
Northern Ireland part of Covid inquiry to open in Belfast
Patient-Safety-Learning posted a news article in News
On Tuesday, the UK Covid inquiry which is sitting in Belfast for three weeks will start hearing from the most senior politicians and health advisors in Northern Ireland about why decisions were taken and by whom. This is module 2c of the inquiry, which is focusing on decision-making and political governance. This module will investigate Northern Ireland specifically and will include the initial response, central government decision making, and political and civil service performance. It will also probe whether Northern Ireland's political nuances had any affect on the effectiveness of the response. There were tensions between the political parties when senior Sinn Féin figures attended the funeral of ex-IRA leader Bobby Storey and when the DUP's Edwin Poots, then minister for Agriculture, Environment and Rural Affairs, said coronavirus was more common in nationalist areas. The hearings begin with opening statements and evidence from Covid-19 Bereaved Families and Disability Action. Core participants who have been named in advance include the former first ministers, Dame Arlene Foster and Paul Givan, and Michelle O'Neill, who was deputy first minster during the pandemic. Senior representatives from the departments of health, finance, the Executive Office, and the civil service will also be questioned. Read full story Source: BBC, 29 April 2024 -
Content ArticleThis Office for National Statistics (ONS) report provides in-depth analysis of Winter Coronavirus Infection Study (Winter CIS) data looking at trends in self-reported symptoms of Covid-19 including ongoing symptoms and associated risk factors. Winter CIS was a joint study with the UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA), carried out between November 2023 and March 2024 for England and Scotland. The study was structured as a longitudinal panel survey, with each participant sent a questionnaire and asked to take a lateral flow device test every four weeks for the detection of Covid-19.
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Content ArticleAt a recent meeting of the 'Safer Healthcare Biosafety Network' (SHBN), members learned of a new initiative designed to improve the safety of healthcare workers in the event of a future pandemic. It should also greatly reduce nosocomial (healthcare acquired) infection. David Osborn explained that the intention is to shift the focus for respiratory protective equipment (RPE) away from FFP3 respirators more towards powered air-purifying respirators (PAPRs). Although FFP3s provide efficient protection, they have several disadvantages for use in the healthcare sector, particularly when providing prolonged care of infectious patients. At the height of the pandemic, given the shortage of respirators, a new type of PAPR was developed at Southampton University and used to great effect. Staff reported that, whilst previously they had been coming to work in fear of infection, they now felt safe and secure in the knowledge that they were well protected. David is supporting Professor Kevin Bampton (Chief Executive, British Occupational Hygiene Society) and Professor Paul Elkington (Director, Institute for Medical Innovation, Southampton University). Following the SHBN, David prepared a briefing note (attached below) providing more details of the project.
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News Article
How Covid is pushing up waiting lists for cancer treatment
Patient-Safety-Learning posted a news article in News
New figures have quantified what the pandemic has meant for cancer waiting lists—and the impact is stark. Official data show that 15,971 cancer patients in the UK have had to wait more than 124 days, or four months, after diagnosis for their treatment to start since 2020 as the pandemic sends waiting lists soaring. The statistics show that the number of untreated patients has more than doubled since Covid began, with one patient waiting for more than two years, according to data released following a freedom of information request from the Liberal Democrats. This is despite an NHS target for patients to receive cancer treatments within two months of an urgent referral. Last year, 6,334 patients waited more than 124 days, compared to 2,922 in 2022, the figures show. Data was received from 69 out of 137 acute health trusts in the UK, meaning the true number of people waiting long periods for treatment is likely to be much higher. Over 1,100 cancer patients last year were left waiting more than six months to receive treatment, triple the NHS target time. Liberal Democrat Leader, Ed Davey, said: “Every single one of these figures is a tragedy. Long delays for treatment can have a devastating impact on cancer patients and their families, and in certain cases can even cost lives." Read full story Source: inews, 22 April 2024 -
Content ArticleThere have been two turning points in trends in life expectancy in England this century. From 2011, increases in life expectancy slowed after decades of steady improvement, prompting much debate about the causes. Then, in 2020, the Covid-19 pandemic was a more significant turning point, causing a sharp fall in life expectancy, the magnitude of which has not been seen since World War II. This article from the King's Fund examines trends in life expectancy at birth up to 2022, the impact of Covid-19 on life expectancy, gender differences and inequalities in life expectancy, causes of the changing trends since 2011, and how life expectancy in the UK compares with other countries.
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Content ArticleThis study aimed to assess perceptions of Covid-19 vaccines amongst pregnant or recently pregnant women in the US over two different time periods between November 2021 and February 2023. The results highlighted decreasing confidence in Covid-19 vaccine safety in a large, diverse pregnant and recently pregnant insured population, and the authors see this as a public health concern.
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Content ArticleThis blog looks at evidence around the impact of universal masking in healthcare settings on infection rates. Highlighting a recent study carried out at St. George’s Hospital in London that showed universal to have a negligible benefit on infection control amongst patients, the author argues that it is time to move away from universal masking to masks being worn really carefully as part of PPE for dealing with respiratory symptoms.
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Content ArticleThe combination of emerging patient safety threats and the growing amount of published patient safety research, patient safety resources and accrediting body standards makes it increasingly difficult to prioritise adopting and implementing evidence-based practices. The US Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality's (AHRQ’s) fourth iteration of Making Healthcare Safer intends to address this issue by publishing evidence-based reviews of patient safety practices and topics as they are completed. This intentional release of updated reviews will aid healthcare organisation leaders in prioritising implementation of evidence-based practices in a timelier way. The report will also help researchers identify where more research is needed and assist policymakers in understanding which patient safety practices have the supporting evidence for promotion.
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Content Article
Top picks: 12 research papers on Long Covid
Patient Safety Learning posted an article in Blogs
We are seeing more and more people who have been devastated by the long-lasting impact of Covid-19. Long Covid is a relatively new condition which is still being studied and the need for more awareness and advocacy has never been greater. Scientists are carrying out large-scale clinical trials and researchers are on the hunt for new therapies in the hope that patients with Long Covid will finally see improvements in treatment and support for their symptoms. In this Top picks blog, shared on International Long Covid Awareness Day, we highlight 12 recent research papers on Long Covid. -
Content Article
The theme of this year’s International Long Covid Awareness Day is ‘Confront Long Covid: Recognise, prevent, act’. In this interview, we speak to retired occupational physician Dr Clare Rayner about her work in understanding Long Covid and its impact on individuals, the health service and the wider economy. She talks about recent guidance she has developed on people with Long Covid returning to work and outlines the impact Long Covid has on the workforce. She calls on healthcare leaders and the Government to invest in treatment-related research as well as highlighting the significant health risks associated with Covid reinfection. -
Content ArticleIn this Medscape article, nephrologist F Perry Wilson explains the findings of a binational cohort study using the universal electronic health record systems of South Korea and Japan. Data from more than 20 million individuals living in these countries from 2020 to 2021 was used to investigate the effect of Covid-19 on long-term risk for incident autoimmune rheumatic diseases (AIRD) such as rheumatoid arthritis, lupus and vasculitis, over various follow-up periods. The study authors found that, compared with those infected with flu, those infected with Covid-19 were more likely to be diagnosed with any autoimmune condition, connective tissue disease, and in Japan, inflammatory arthritis. Wilson observes that although we can't draw causal conclusions from the results, the study highlights that Covid-19 has very different long term effects to other respiratory viruses.
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News Article
Covid patients wrongly issued with ‘do not resuscitate’ orders, watchdog finds
Patient Safety Learning posted a news article in News
Doctors made do-not-resuscitate orders for elderly and disabled patients during the pandemic without the knowledge of their families, breaching their human rights, a parliamentary watchdog has said. In a new report on breaches of the orders during the pandemic, the Parliamentary Health Service Ombudsman (PHSO) found failings from at least 13 patient complaints. The research, carried out with the charity Dignity in Dying, found “unacceptable” failures in how end-of-life care conversations are held, and in particular with elderly and disabled patients. Following a review of complaints in 2019 and 2020 the PHSO found evidence in some cases that doctors did not even inform the patient or their family that a notice had been made and so breached their human rights. The report calls for health services in Britain to improve the approach by medics in talking about death and end-of-life care. In examples of cases reviewed, the PHSO revealed the story of 58-year-old Sonia Deleon who had schizophrenia and learning disabilities and a notice which was wrongly applied during the pandemic. In 2020, she was admitted to Southend University Hospital after contracting Covid-19 at age 58. On three occasions a notice was made but her family were never informed. Following Sonia’s death her family found out the reasons given by doctors for the DNAR which “included frailty, having a learning disability, poor physiological reserve, schizophrenia and being dependent for daily activities.” Sonia’s sister Sally-Rose Cyrille said: “I was devastated, shocked and angry. The fact that multiple notices had been placed in Sone’s file without consultation with us, without our knowledge, it was like being hit with a sledgehammer. Read full story Source: The Independent, 14 March 2024 -
Content ArticleMore than 3 years after the onset of the Covid-19 global pandemic, a wave of evidence suggests that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection can lead to postacute sequelae in pulmonary and broad array of extrapulmonary organ systems—including increased risks and burdens of cardiovascular disorders, neurologic and mental health disorders, metabolic disorders (diabetes and dyslipidemia), kidney disorders and gastrointestinal disorders. However, up until now, evidence is mostly limited to the first year postinfection. Bowe et al. built a cohort of 138,818 individuals with SARS-CoV-2 infection and 5,985,227 noninfected control group from the US Department of Veterans Affairs and followed them for 2 years to estimate the risks of death and 80 prespecified postacute sequelae of Covid-19 (PASC) according to care setting during the acute phase of infection. They found that the increased risk of death was not significant beyond 6 months after infection among nonhospitalised but remained significantly elevated through the 2 years in hospitalised individuals. Within the 80 prespecified sequelae, 69% and 35% of them became not significant at 2 years after infection among nonhospitalised and hospitalised individuals, respectively. In summary, while risks of many sequelae declined 2 years after infection, the substantial cumulative burden of health loss due to PASC calls for attention to the care needs of people with long-term health effects due to SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Content Article
In this blog, I discuss the limitations associated with FFP3 (Filtering Face Piece) tight-fitting masks as respiratory protective equipment (RPE) for the healthcare sector during the ongoing Covid pandemic. I highlight inequalities in the distribution of effective RPE among healthcare workers (HCWs) and also draw attention to the underlying reasons for the shortage of RPE that has beset our healthcare services since the start of the pandemic. -
Content ArticleSome studies suggest a higher incidence of diagnosis of autoimmune inflammatory rheumatic diseases (AIRDs) among patients with a history of Covid-19 compared with uninfected patients. This binational cohort study of patients in Korea and Japan aimed to investigate the effect of Covid-19 on long-term risk for incident AIRD over various follow-up periods. The authors found that Covid-19 infection was associated with increased risk for incident AIRD compared with matched patients without Covid-19 infection or with influenza infection. The risk for incident AIRD was higher with greater severity of acute Covid-19.
